Porter’s value chain (Porter, 2001)

 
 
  Part of: Panibratov A, Kalinin A, Fefelov D, Yu T, Yan K, Wang Y (2025) E-BRI: The role of fourth-party logistics for Sino-Russian e-commerce. BRICS Journal of Economics 6(1): 141-161. https://doi.org/10.3897/brics-econ.6.e142466