The framework of Technology-Organisation-Environment (TOE). Source: (Yong, 2023).

 
 
  Part of: Alhassan TF, Kalkabayeva G, Kurmanalina A (2026) The financial sectors of Ghana and Kazakhstan: Comparative analysis of artificial intelligence adoption and implications. BRICS Journal of Economics 7(1): 155-175. https://doi.org/10.3897/brics-econ.7.e151598